Magnetic razor.



8. AMES. 'MAGNETIC RAZOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9. I912.

Patented Apr. 1, 1919.

. zen of the United States resident of Lowell, in the county OfMlddlG-vented new and usefu tion betweenthe following description an UNITEDSTATES PATEN.

BUTLER AMES, 0F LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

MAGNETIC RAZOR.

To aZZ'w/wm it may concern: Be it known that I, BUTLER AMns, a c1t1- sexand State of "Massachusetts, have in- Magnetic Razors, a specification.,This invention relates to cutting devices and more particularly tosafety razors of the'type dlsclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,192,367. a

' Safety razors of the the subject-matter of the present applicationhave usually comprised a-guard mem ber and a cap member disposed overthe guard member for holdinga blade in posithe two members. means orsome other-mechanical mechanism has usually 7 holding t e parts togetherwhile the device is being used. Such mechanism has involved asubstantial increase in cost of manufacture, it has involvedconsiderable inco n venience in use, and it has involved screwthreadsand the like, which have rendered the devices difiicult to clean andtherefore more or less unsanitary.

The principal objects of the present 1 11- vention are to overcome theabove dlfiicultles and to produce a device which may be simply t andcheaply constructed,- which is exceedingly convenient in operation,manipulation of screws or other mechanism in attaching and detaching theparts to and from each other, and which iawholly sani- Other objects ofthe invention, such as improvingthe cooperative relationship of theguard, handle and other parts with respect to each other, will be aparent from the accompanyingdrawings, in which,

Flgure 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2is a central longitudmal cross-section of the device, showing parts ineleva, tion;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the parts in detachedrelationship;

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the device; Fig. 5 is a top plan view ofthe device with the cap and blade removed; and

Fig. 6 is a to plan view of the device With the cap and blade inposition. The 1.1. .0 51 essential pa t of my improved of America, and

l Improvements in. of which the following is general character ofpreferably along both sides been employed for detachably requiring no Uso that the pole pieces and "Specification of Letters Patent. P t te wApplication filed June 9, 1917. Serial No. 173,841. I i I I,

sential characteristic of the magnet means involves one or more polesfor holding razor bladeor other -tion. While. asingle pole willaccomplish this result, I preferably employ a ma et having two poles inThe preferred type of prises a U-magnet, as shown ures, the U-magnet 1having pole faces 2 and 3 disposed substantially in the same plane. Inorder to support the blade 4 in position in'the device Iprovide a basememr 6 which is also preferably constructed function as a guardmember,'in which event teeth 5 or other suitable means are at 1 in thefigas illustrated in the drawings, so. that a double edged blade may beemployed, the teeth 5 extending outwardly y ond the edges of the blade,

Another cardinal feature of the invention comprises means for rigidlymounting the guard member 6 upon the magnet 1 and at the same timepermitting the ready witlidrawal of the guard member and mounting meansfrom the magnet. The preferred embodiment of the mounting means,according o the present invention, comprises pole pieces 7 adapted tofit over the ends of the as shown in steel or other magnetic material.While the pole pieces 7 may, if desired, be fixedly secured in the guardmember-6, I preferably fit them tightly in the openings 8 so that theconnection is permanent. The connec= tion between the ole pieces 7 andthe magnet 1 is preferab y a detachable connection guard may be cleaningthe departs, or having remagnetrzed. In order yieldingly to hold thepole pieces upon the magnet I preferably provide a series of dependinglips 9 on the bottomof each pole piece, these lips being somewhatflexible and fitting snugly around the magnet so as yieldingly to gripthe poles of the magnet When the pole pieces are mounted thereon.

The blade 4 is preferably'surmounted by a cap member 11, and in ordertov prevent lat a mdvement of t g ard member, p

removed for the purpose of vice, replacing damaged the magnet 1 spacedrelations ip. magnet means comcutting device in'posia somewhat be- 1member and blade relatively to each other, projections are preferablyprovided upon one of the said members, recesses being provided in theother member in alinement with the projections, and in the particularembodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, the projectionscomprise pins 12 fitting in axial openings in the pole pieces 9 andbeing adapted to extend through openings in the blade 4 into recesses 13in the cap 11. The cap 11 and blade 4 are adapted to be held in positionon the guard member 6 bymagnetic flux flowing from one pole of the'magnet to the other pole through the blade and cap, as will behereinafter more fully described, and to avoid diminution of thismagnetic action the pins 12 are preferably made of non-magneticmaterial, since if the pins were of magnetic material a large number oflines of flux would flow therethrough from the magnet to the cap member,and inasmuch as many of these lines of force would pass from the pins ina substantially radial direction to the cylindrical walls of therecesses 13, the magnetic attraction would be substantially decreasedowing to the fact that the radial lines of force would notserve inappreciable measure to prevent the displacement of the cap member fromthe device. When forming the pins 12 of non-magnetic material it isessential that the face of each of the pole pieces 7 be main-- tained ofat least the same area as the crosssectional area of the ma net, and toaccomplish this I preferably are the pole pieces outwardly toward theirouter faces. In this way the pole pieces 7 do not afford a higherreluctance than any other part of the magnetic circuit.

To attain the greatest efiiciency it is essential that as much aspossible of the magnetic flux produced by the ma net should be caused toflow through the lade 4184116. ca 11; conversel it is essential that aslitt e as possible 0 the fiux'be shunted from theblade and capmer'nber.I therefore so construct the guard member 6 that no appreciable amountof flux is shunted therethrough between the. pole pieces. This may beaccomplished in a number of wa s, as by making the guard member veryth1n or by makingit of non-ma I the'preferred form 0 the presentinvention etic material, but in the guard member 6 is made of brass orother non-ma etic material.

lows: The

cured together as shown in Fig. 3*and when so constructed this unitarystructure is fitted over the ends of the magnet 1, the depending flanges9 gripping the magnet and yield- 2 ingly holding the parts in position.The blade 4 is then placed on the guard member with the pins 12projecting through the openings in the blade as shown most clearly.

in Fig. 2. If the blade is relatively thin, as

shown in the drawings, the magnetic flux flowing through it when in thedescribed position is only suflicient to hold it lightly in position.However, by increasing the thickness of the blade throughout the centralportion, as by making the upper surface of the blade transverselyconvex, sufiicient flux may be caused to flow through the blade to holdit in position while'the device is in use, in which event the ca member11 is rendered unnecessary. owever, I preferably employ a thinblade asshown in the drawings and when employing such a blade the cap member isplaced over the blade, with the pins 12 projecting into the recesses 13,

as most clearly shown in Fig. 2. With the 1 blade and cap in position onthe guard member, magnetic flux flows from one pole, for example pole 2,through the surrounding pole piece 7, from the face of the pole pieceinto the blade and cap, thence through the blade and cap to the face ofthe other pole piece, and thence through the other pole piece into theother pole of the magnet. When the magnetic circuit is thussubstangripping it at the. opposite ends, where it projects over theguard member 6,. and by either pulling directly outwardly or by firsttipping one end of the member upwardly-v so as to break the magneticcircuit. Inasmuch as the magnetism has a beneficial tially closed theparts are tightly held toefi'ect on the blade, the blade is preferablyleft in position on the pole pieces while the themagnetism of the magnetthe cap member 111s also preferabl kept in position on the bladeflandent'invention are disclosed and claimed in my copendinga plicationsSr.No. 173,110, filed June 6, 19,1 and Sr. No. 173,923, filed June 11,1917, and I hereby make reference to these applications asshowingvariations in the manner of applying the'invention,

ment disclosed in the Iclaim:- I 1. A razor comprising magnet meanshaving an elongate member of ma etic mapresent invention.

one end of the elongate member, the pole piece being adapted to maintaina cutting blade in" position thereon by the magnetic action of themagnet means.

2. A razor comprising a base member having an opening therethrough,magnet means comprising an elongate member of guard w en the device isnot; in use. i a Certain modified embodiments ofjthe pres-f device'isnot in use; and in order tov conserve some of which are common to theemboditerial, and a magnetic pole piece ttingover magnetic material, anda magnetic pole piece adapted to fit over one end of the elongate'memberand into said opening.

3. A razor comprising magnet means comprising an elongate member of magnetic -material, a magnetic pole piece adapted to be detachably mountedon the end of the elongate member, and .means for yieldingly holding thepole piece in position on the said member.v

4. A razor comprising magnet means comprising an elongate member ofmagnetic material, and magnetic pole-piece means adapted to bedetachably mounted on the end of the elongate member, one of said meansbeing adapted yieldingly to engage the other means thereby to maintainthe pole-piece means in position on the magnet means.

5. A v safety razor comprising guard means having spaced openingstherethrough, an elongate magnet member having its ends disposed at saidopenings, and magnetic pole pieces fitting over the said ends and intothe said openings.

6. A safety razor comprising guard means having spaced opening-stherethrough, an elongate magnet member having its ends disposed at saidopenings, magnetic pole pieces fitting over said ends and into saidopenings, a magnetic cap member disposed above the guard member, one ofsaid members having recesses therein, and non-magnetic members extendingfrom the other of said members into said recesses, whereby a cuttingblade may be maintained in position between the guard means and capmember by the magnetic action of the magnet member upon the cap member.V

7. A safety razor comprlsing a nonmagnetic guard member having spacedopen- 8. A safety razor comprising a non-magv netic guard member havingspaced openings therethrough, a U-magnet having its ends disposed atsaid openings, magnetic pole pieces mounted on the ends of the U-magnetand extending into said openings, a cap member disposed on the side ofthe guard member opposite to the U-magnet, the pole pieces and capmember having alined openings, and non-magnetic pins disposed in theopenings to prevent lateral movement of {)he cap member relatively tothe guard mem- 9. A safety razor comprising a non-mag netic guard memberhaving spaced openings therethrough, a U-magnet having its ends disposedat said openings, magnetic pole pieces mounted on the ends of theU-magnet and extending into said openings, a cap member disposed on theside of the guard member opposite to the U-magnet, the pole pieces andcap member having alined openings, and non-magnetic pins disposed in theopenings to prevent lateral movement of the cap member relatively to theguard member, the area of the pole piece faces being at leastsubstantially equal to the crosssectional area of the U-magnetnotwithstanding the reduction in area produced by said openings therein.

Signed by me at LowelhMassachusetts', this 2nd day of one, 1917.

. BUTLER AMS.

